Isihlabathi se-quartz siwumthombo wamaminerali abalulekile wezimboni anezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa, okuhlanganisa ingilazi, ukuphonsa, izitsha zobumba kanye nezinto eziphikisayo, i-metallurgy, ukwakhiwa, amakhemikhali, ipulasitiki, irabha, i-abrasive nezinye izimboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlabathi se-quartz esiphezulu sidlala indima ebalulekile olwazini lwe-elekthronikhi, i-fiber optical, i-photovoltaic nezinye izimboni, kanye nemboni yezokuvikela nezempi, i-aerospace kanye nezinye izimboni. Kungashiwo ukuthi izinhlamvu ezincane zesihlabathi zisekela izimboni ezinkulu.
Njengamanje, yiziphi izinhlobo zesihlabathi se-quartz ozaziyo?
01 Isihlabathi se-quartz sokucaciswa okuhlukile
Imininingwane evamile yesihlabathi se-quartz zifaka: 0.5-1mm, 1-2mm, 2-4mm, 4-8mm, 8-16mm, 16-32mm, 10-20, 20-40, 40-80, 80-120, 100-200 , 200 futhi 325.
Inombolo yemeshi yesihlabathi se-quartz empeleni ibhekisela kusayizi wokusanhlamvu noma ukuqina kwesihlabathi se-quartz. Ngokuvamile, ibhekisela esikrinini esingaphakathi kwendawo engu-1 intshi X 1 intshi. Inombolo yezimbobo zemeshi ezingadlula esikrinini ichazwa njengenombolo yemeshi. Uma sikhulu inombolo yemeshi yesihlabathi se-quartz, ilingana nosayizi wohlamvu lwesihlabathi se-quartz. Incane inombolo yemeshi, inkulu ubukhulu bohlamvu besihlabathi se-quartz.
02 Isihlabathi se-quartz sekhwalithi ehlukile
Ngokuvamile, isihlabathi se-quartz singabizwa ngokuthi isihlabathi se-quartz kuphela uma siqukethe okungenani u-98.5% we-silicon dioxide, kuyilapho okuqukethwe okungaphansi kuka-98.5% ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi i-silica.
Izinga lendawo leSifundazwe sase-Anhui DB34/T1056-2009 “Isihlabathi se-quartz” sisebenza esihlabathini se-quartz yezimboni (ngaphandle kokuphonsa isihlabathi se-silica) esenziwe ngetshe le-quartz ngokugaya.
Ngemva kweminyaka yokuthuthuka, okwamanje, isihlabathi se-quartz sivame ukuhlukaniswa sibe isihlabathi se-quartz esivamile, isihlabathi se-quartz esicwengisisiwe, isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu, isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanganisiwe kanye ne-silica powder embonini.
Isihlabathi se-quartz esivamile
Ngokuvamile, kuyisihlungi sokuhlanza amanzi okwenziwe nge-quartz ore yemvelo ngemva kokuchotshozwa, ukuwasha, ukomisa nokuhlolwa kwesibili; I-SiO2 ≥ 90-99%, Fe2O3 ≤ 0.06-0.02%. Into yesihlungi ibonakala ngokungalungiswa kwe-engeli, ukuminyana okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu wokusebenza, nempilo ende yesevisi yomugqa womthamo wokuthwala ukungcola. Kuyinto impahla yokwelapha amanzi ngamakhemikhali. Ingasetshenziswa ku-metallurgy, i-graphite silicon carbide, ingilazi nemikhiqizo yengilazi, koqweqwe lwawo, insimbi ekhonjiwe, i-caustic soda, amakhemikhali, umsindo we-jet nezinye izimboni.
Isihlabathi se-quartz esicwengisisiwe
I-SiO2 ≥ 99-99.5%, Fe2O3 ≤ 0.005%, eyenziwe ngesihlabathi se-quartz yemvelo yekhwalithi ephezulu, ekhethwe ngokucophelela futhi icutshungulwe. Inhloso yawo enkulu ukukhiqiza ukhonkolo nodaka olumelana ne-asidi ngokwenza ingilazi, izinto eziphikisayo, ukuncibilikisa i-ferrosilicon, i-metallurgical flux, izitsha zobumba, izinto eziabrasive, ukubumba isihlabathi sequartz esibunjiwe, njll. Ngezinye izikhathi isihlabathi sequartz esicwengisisiwe sibizwa nangokuthi isihlabathi sequartz esigezwe nge-asidi imboni.
Isihlabathi sengilazi
Isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile senziwa ngetshe le-quartz eliphezulu ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwezinqubo. Njengamanje, imboni ayizange isungule indinganiso yezimboni ehlanganisiwe yesihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile, futhi incazelo yayo ayicacile kahle, kodwa ngokuvamile, isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile sibhekisela esihlabathini se-quartz esinokuqukethwe kwe-SiO2 okungaphezu kuka-99.95% noma ngaphezulu. , okuqukethwe kwe-Fe2O3 okungaphansi kuka-0.0001%, nokuqukethwe kwe-Al2O3 okungaphansi kuka-0.01%. Isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu sisetshenziswa kakhulu emithonjeni yokukhanya kagesi, ukuxhumana kwe-fiber optical, amaseli elanga, ama-semiconductor ahlanganisiwe ama-circuits, izinsimbi ezicacile ze-optical, izitsha zezokwelapha, i-aerospace nezinye izimboni zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
I-Microsilica
I-silicon micro-powder iyimpushana ye-silicon dioxide engenabuthi, engenaphunga futhi engangcolisi eyenziwe nge-crystalline quartz, i-quartz ehlanganisiwe nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ngokugaya, ukugreda ngokunemba, ukususwa kokungcola, i-spheroidization enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nezinye izinqubo. Kuyi-inorganic non-metallic material enezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ezifana nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukwahlukanisa okuphezulu, i-coefficient ephansi yomugqa wokwandisa kanye nokuhamba kahle kwe-thermal.
Isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanganisiwe
Isihlabathi se-quartz esincibilikisiwe siyi-amorphous (isimo sengilazi) se-SiO2. Iwuhlobo lwengilazi olukwazi ukungena kalula, futhi ukwakheka kwayo kwe-athomu yinde futhi iphazamisekile. Ithuthukisa izinga lokushisa layo kanye ne-coefficient ephansi yokwandisa okushisayo ngokuxhumanisa okuphambene kwesakhiwo esinezinhlangothi ezintathu. I-silica eluhlaza yekhwalithi ephezulu ekhethiwe i-SiO2>99% ihlanganiswe esithandweni se-arc sikagesi noma esithandweni sokumelana nezinga lokushisa elincibilikayo elingu-1695-1720 ℃. Ngenxa ye-viscosity ephezulu ye-SiO2 melt, eyi-10 kumandla we-7th Pa · s ngo-1900 ℃, ayikwazi ukwakhiwa ngokusakazwa. Ngemuva kokupholisa, umzimba wengilazi uyacutshungulwa, ukuhlukaniswa kazibuthe, ukususwa kokungcola kanye nokuhlolwa ukuze kukhiqizwe isihlabathi se-quartz esixubile esinemininingwane ehlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa.
Isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanganisiwe sinezinzuzo zokuzinza okuhle kokushisa, ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile, ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlayiya ezifanayo, kanye nezinga lokunweba elishisayo eliseduze no-0. Ingasetshenziswa njengokugcwalisa ezimbonini zamakhemikhali ezifana nezingubo zokumboza nezingubo, futhi futhi iyinhloko eyinhloko. impahla eluhlaza yokusakazwa kwe-epoxy resin, izinto zokuvalwa kwe-elekthronikhi, izinto zokuphonsa, izinto eziphikisayo, ingilazi ye-ceramic nezinye izimboni.
03 Isihlabathi se-quartz ngezinhloso ezahlukene
Isihlabathi sensimbi esiphansi sengilazi ye-photovoltaic (isihlukanisi sogubhu kazibuthe)
Ingilazi ye-Photovoltaic ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengephaneli yokupakisha yamamojula we-photovoltaic, athintana ngqo nemvelo yangaphandle. Isimo sezulu sayo, amandla, ukudluliswa kokukhanya nezinye izinkomba zidlala indima ebalulekile empilweni kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla isikhathi eside kwamamojula we-photovoltaic. I-ayoni yensimbi esihlabathini se-quartz kulula ukuyidaya. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwelanga okuphezulu kwengilazi yokuqala, okuqukethwe kwensimbi yengilazi ye-photovoltaic kuyadingeka ukuthi kube ngaphansi kwengilazi evamile, futhi isihlabathi se-quartz esine-iron ephansi esinobumsulwa be-silicon ephezulu kanye nokuqukethwe kokungcola okuphansi kufanele kusetshenziswe.
Isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu se-photovoltaic
I-solar photovoltaic power generation isibe isiqondiso esithandwayo sokusebenzisa amandla elanga, futhi isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile sinesicelo esibalulekile embonini ye-photovoltaic. Imishini ye-quartz esetshenziswa embonini ye-photovoltaic ihlanganisa i-quartz ceramic crucibles ye-solar silicon ingots, kanye nezikebhe ze-quartz, amashubhu omlilo we-quartz namabakaki esikebhe asetshenziswa ekusakazweni nasekufakweni kwe-oxidation yenqubo yokukhiqiza i-photovoltaic, kanye nenqubo ye-PECVD. Phakathi kwazo, ama-quartz crucibles ahlukaniswe abe ama-quartz crucibles ayisikwele okukhulisa i-polycrystalline silicon kanye nezinsimbi eziyindilinga ze-quartz zokukhulisa i-silicon ye-monocrystalline. Ziyizinto ezisetshenziswayo ngesikhathi sokukhula kwama-silicon ingots futhi zingamadivayisi e-quartz anesidingo esikhulu kunazo zonke embonini ye-photovoltaic. Impahla eluhlaza eyinhloko ye-quartz crucible isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu.
Isihlabathi sepuleti
Itshe le-quartz linezinto zokumelana nokugqokwa, ukumelana nokuklwebheka, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala nokuqina. Inepulasitiki eqinile futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi. Kungumkhiqizo wokulinganisa emlandweni wokuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokwakha zokwenziwa. Ibuye kancane kancane ibe yintandokazi entsha emakethe yokuhlobisa ikhaya futhi ithandwa ngabathengi. Ngokuvamile, isihlabathi se-quartz esingu-95% ~ 99% sihlanganiswa futhi siqiniswe yi-resin, i-pigment nezinye izithasiselo, ngakho ikhwalithi yesihlabathi se-quartz noma i-quartz powder inquma ukusebenza kwepuleti yetshe le-quartz yokwenziwa ngokwezinga elithile.
Impushana yesihlabathi se-quartz esetshenziswa embonini yamapuleti e-quartz ngokuvamile itholakala kumthambo we-quartz wekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nensimbi ye-quartzite ngokuchotshozwa, ukuhluza, ukuhlukaniswa kazibuthe nezinye izinqubo. Izinga lezinto zokusetshenziswa lithinta ngqo ikhwalithi ye-quartz. Ngokuvamile, i-quartz esetshenziselwa i-quartz stone slab ihlukaniswe yaba i-quartz sand powder (5-100 mesh, esetshenziswa njenge-aggregate, isamba ngokuvamile sidinga ≥ 98% okuqukethwe kwe-silicon) nesihlabathi sequartz esimahhadla (320-2500 mesh, esetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa kanye ukuqinisa). Kunezidingo ezithile zokuqina, umbala, ukungcola, umswakama, ubumhlophe, njll.
Isihlabathi se-Foundry
Ngenxa yokuthi i-quartz inokumelana nomlilo ophezulu kanye nobulukhuni, futhi ukusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe kungahlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukahlukene eziyisisekelo zokukhiqiza ukukhiqiza, ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ekubumbeni isihlabathi sobumba bendabuko, kodwa futhi ekubumbeni okuthuthukisiwe kanye nezinqubo zokwenza umgogodla ezifana nesihlabathi se-resin kanye ne-coated. isihlabathi, ngakho-ke isihlabathi se-quartz sisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni ukukhiqiza.
Isihlabathi esigezwe ngamanzi: Yisihlabathi esingahluziwe sokuphonswa ngemva kokuba isihlabathi se-silica semvelo sigeziwe futhi sihlelwe ngokwezinga.
Isihlabathi sokukhuhla: uhlobo lwesihlabathi esiluhlaza sokuphonsa. Isihlabathi se-silica semvelo sikhuhliwe, sagezwa, sahlelwa futhi somiswa, kanti udaka lungaphansi kuka-0.5%.
Isihlabathi esomile: Isihlabathi esomile esinamanzi aphansi kanye nokungcola okuncane kukhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa amanzi aphansi ahlanzekile ajulile njengomthombo wamanzi, ngemva kokudilizwa izikhathi ezintathu kanye izikhathi eziyisithupha zokukhuhla, bese komiswa ku-300 ℃ - 450 ℃. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza isihlabathi esinamekwe esisezingeni eliphakeme, kanye namakhemikhali, ukumboza, ukugaya, izinto zikagesi nezinye izimboni.
Isihlabathi esimboziwe: ungqimba lwefilimu ye-resin lumbozwe nge-phenolic resin phezu kwesihlabathi sokukhuhla.
Isihlabathi se-silica esisetshenziselwa ukusakaza singama-97.5%~99.6% (kanye noma khipha 0.5%), Fe2O3<1%. Isihlabathi sibushelelezi futhi sihlanzekile, sinodaka <0.2~0.3%, i-angular coefficient<1.35~1.47, kanye nokuqukethwe kwamanzi<6%.
Isihlabathi se-quartz ngezinye izinjongo
Inkambu ye-Ceramic: isihlabathi se-quartz SiO2 esisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izitsha zobumba singaphezu kuka-90%, i-Fe2O3 ∈ 0.06 ~ 0.02%, futhi ukumelana nomlilo kufinyelela ku-1750 ℃. Ububanzi bosayizi wezinhlayiyana ngu-1~0.005mm.
Izinto eziphikisayo: SiO2 ≥ 97.5%, Al2O3 ∈ 0.7~0.3%, Fe2O3 ∈ 0.4~0.1%, H2O ≤ 0.5%, ukuminyana ngobuningi 1.9~2.1g/m3, ubuningi be-liner bulk 5 ~ 5 usayizi we-1.~5. 0.021mm.
Inkambu ye-Metallurgical:
① Isihlabathi esiqhumayo: isihlabathi sinokundingiliza okuhle, asinawo imiphetho namakhona, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ngu-0.8~1.5mm, SiO2 ~ 98%, Al2O3 ＜ 0.72%, Fe2O3 ＜ 0.18%.
② Ukuqhuma kwesihlabathi: imboni yamakhemikhali ivamise ukusebenzisa ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi ukususa ukugqwala. I-SiO2 ＞ 99.6%, Al2O3 ＜ 0.18%, Fe2O3 ＜ 0.02%, usayizi wezinhlayiyana 50~70 mesh, umumo wezinhlayiyana eziyindilinga, ubulukhuni be-Mohs 7.
Inkambu ye-abrasive: Izidingo zekhwalithi yesihlabathi se-quartz esisetshenziswa njenge-abrasive yi-SiO2 ＞ 98%, Al2O3 ＜ 0.94%, Fe2O3 ＜ 0.24%, CaO ＜ 0.26%, nosayizi wezinhlayiyana ongu-0.5~0.8mm.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-04-2023