Isihlabathi se-quartz siyinto ebalulekile yamaminerali ezimbonini enokusetshenziswa okubanzi, okuhlanganisa ingilazi, ukwenziwa kwensimbi, izinto zobumba kanye nezinto eziphikisayo, insimbi, ukwakhiwa, amakhemikhali, ipulasitiki, irabha, ukuklwebheka kanye neminye imboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlabathi se-quartz esisezingeni eliphezulu sidlala indima ebalulekile olwazini lwe-elekthronikhi, i-optical fiber, i-photovoltaic kanye neminye imboni, kanye nasembonini yezokuvikela neyezempi, izindiza kanye neminye imikhakha. Kungashiwo ukuthi izinhlamvu ezincane zesihlabathi zisekela izimboni ezinkulu. (Isihlukanisi se-magnetic esiqondile esinobukhulu obuphezulu)
Njengamanje, yiziphi izinhlobo zesihlabathi se-quartz ozaziyo?
01 Isihlabathi se-Quartz esinezincazelo ezahlukene
Imininingwane evamile yesihlabathi se-quartz ifaka: 0.5-1mm, 1-2mm, 2-4mm, 4-8mm, 8-16mm, 16-32mm, 10-20, 20-40, 40-80, 80-120, 100-200, 200 kanye no-325.
Inombolo ye-mesh yesihlabathi se-quartz empeleni ibhekisela kusayizi wezinhlamvu noma ubuncane besihlabathi se-quartz. Ngokuvamile, ibhekisela esikrinini esingaphakathi kwendawo eyi-intshi engu-1 X 1 intshi. Inani lemigodi ye-mesh engadlula esikrinini lichazwa njengenombolo ye-mesh. Uma inani le-mesh lesihlabathi se-quartz likhulu, kulapho ubukhulu bezinhlamvu zesihlabathi se-quartz buncipha khona. Uma inombolo ye-mesh incane, kulapho ubukhulu bezinhlamvu zesihlabathi se-quartz bukhulu khona.
02 Isihlabathi se-Quartz sekhwalithi ehlukile
Ngokuvamile, isihlabathi se-quartz singabizwa ngokuthi isihlabathi se-quartz kuphela uma siqukethe okungenani i-98.5% ye-silicon dioxide, kuyilapho okuqukethwe okungaphansi kuka-98.5% ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi i-silica.
Izinga lendawo leSifundazwe sase-Anhui DB34/T1056-2009 elithi “isihlabathi se-Quartz” liyasebenza esihlabathini se-quartz sezimboni (ngaphandle kwesihlabathi se-silica) esenziwe ngetshe le-quartz ngokugaya.
Ngemva kweminyaka yokuthuthukiswa, njengamanje, isihlabathi se-quartz sivame ukuhlukaniswa sibe isihlabathi se-quartz esivamile, isihlabathi se-quartz esicwengisisiwe, isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu, isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanganisiwe kanye ne-silica powder embonini.
Isihlabathi esivamile se-quartz
Ngokuvamile, iyisihlungi sokwelapha amanzi esenziwe nge-quartz ore yemvelo ngemva kokuchoboza, ukuwasha, ukomisa kanye nokuhlolwa kwesibili; i-SiO2 ≥ 90-99%, i-Fe2O3 ≤ 0.06-0.02%. Izinto zokuhlunga zibonakala ngokungalungisi i-engeli, ukuminyana okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu okusebenza, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside komugqa wokuthwala ukungcola. Kuyinto yokwelapha amanzi ngamakhemikhali. Ingasetshenziswa ekubumbeni izinsimbi, i-graphite silicon carbide, imikhiqizo yengilazi nengilazi, i-enamel, insimbi ephothiwe, i-caustic soda, amakhemikhali, umsindo wejethi kanye neminye imboni.
Isihlabathi se-quartz esicwengisisiwe
I-SiO2 ≥ 99-99.5%, i-Fe2O3 ≤ 0.005%, yenziwe ngesihlabathi se-quartz semvelo sekhwalithi ephezulu, ikhethwe ngokucophelela futhi icutshungulwe. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukukhiqiza ukhonkolo kanye nodaka olumelana ne-asidi ngokwenza ingilazi, izinto eziphikisayo, i-ferrosilicon yokuncibilikisa, i-metallurgical flux, i-ceramics, izinto ezihudulayo, isihlabathi se-quartz sokubumba, njll. Ngezinye izikhathi isihlabathi se-quartz esicwengisisiwe sibizwa nangokuthi isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanziwe nge-asidi embonini.
Isihlabathi sengilazi
Isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu senziwe ngamatshe e-quartz asezingeni eliphezulu ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwezinqubo. Njengamanje, imboni ayikakasunguli indinganiso yezimboni ehlanganisiwe yesihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu, futhi incazelo yaso ayicacile kahle, kodwa ngokuvamile, isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu sibhekisela esihlabathini se-quartz esinokuqukethwe kwe-SiO2 okungaphezu kuka-99.95% noma ngaphezulu, okuqukethwe kwe-Fe2O3 okungaphansi kuka-0.0001%, kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-Al2O3 okungaphansi kuka-0.01%. Isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu sisetshenziswa kabanzi emithonjeni yokukhanya kagesi, ukuxhumana kwe-optical fiber, amaseli elanga, amasekethe ahlanganisiwe e-semiconductor, izinsimbi zokukhanya eziqondile, izitsha zezokwelapha, izindiza kanye neminye imboni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
I-Microsilica
I-Silicon micro-powder iyi-silicon dioxide powder engenabo ubuthi, engenaphunga futhi engenakho ukungcola eyenziwe nge-crystalline quartz, i-fused quartz nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ngokugaya, ukukala ngokunemba, ukususa ukungcola, i-spheroidization yokushisa okuphezulu kanye nezinye izinqubo. Kuyinto engeyona insimbi engaphili enezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu njengokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukufudumala okuphezulu, i-coefficient yokukhulisa eqondile ephansi kanye nokuqhuba kahle kokushisa.
Isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanganisiwe
Isihlabathi se-quartz esincibilikisiwe asifani (isimo sengilazi) se-SiO2. Siwuhlobo lwengilazi olunokungena kwamanzi, futhi isakhiwo salo se-athomu side futhi asihlelekile. Sithuthukisa izinga lokushisa laso kanye ne-coefficient yokukhulisa ukushisa ephansi ngokuxhumanisa okuphambene kwesakhiwo esinezinhlangothi ezintathu. Izinto eziluhlaza ze-silica ezikhethiwe zekhwalithi ephezulu i-SiO2>99% zihlanganiswa esithandweni sikagesi se-arc noma esithandweni sokumelana ekushiseni okuncibilikayo okungu-1695-1720 ℃. Ngenxa ye-viscosity ephezulu ye-SiO2 melt, engama-10 kuya ku-7th power Pa · s ku-1900 ℃, ayikwazi ukwakheka ngokukhipha. Ngemva kokupholisa, umzimba wengilazi uyacutshungulwa, ukuhlukaniswa kwamagnetic, ukususwa kokungcola kanye nokuhlolwa ukuze kukhiqizwe isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanganisiwe esinezincazelo ezahlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa.
Isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanganisiwe sinezinzuzo zokuzinza okuhle kokushisa, ubumsulwa obuphezulu, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile, ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlayiya ezifanayo, kanye nesilinganiso sokunwebeka kokushisa esiseduze no-0. Singasetshenziswa njengesigcwalisi ezimbonini zamakhemikhali ezifana nokugqoka nokugqoka, futhi futhi siyinto eluhlaza eyinhloko yokwenziwa kwe-epoxy resin, izinto zokuvala ngogesi, izinto zokulingisa, izinto eziphikisayo, ingilazi ye-ceramic kanye neminye imboni.
03 Isihlabathi se-Quartz ngezinhloso ezahlukene
Isihlabathi sensimbi esiphansi sengilazi ye-photovoltaic （isihlukanisi se-magnetic drum magnetic）
Ingilazi ye-photovoltaic ivame ukusetshenziswa njengephaneli lokupakisha lamamojula e-photovoltaic, athintana ngqo nendawo engaphandle. Ukuqina kwayo kwesimo sezulu, amandla, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya nezinye izinkomba kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqiza amandla kwesikhathi eside kwamamojula e-photovoltaic. I-ion yensimbi esihlabathini se-quartz kulula ukuyidaya. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhanjiswa kwelanga okuphezulu kwengilazi yokuqala, okuqukethwe kwensimbi kwengilazi ye-photovoltaic kuyadingeka kube ngaphansi kunokwengilazi evamile, futhi isihlabathi se-quartz esinensimbi ephansi esinobumsulwa obukhulu be-silicon kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kokungcola kumele kusetshenziswe.
Isihlabathi se-quartz esimsulwa kakhulu se-photovoltaic
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-solar photovoltaic sekuyindlela ekhethwayo yokusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga, futhi isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu sinokusetshenziswa okubalulekile embonini ye-photovoltaic. Amadivayisi e-quartz asetshenziswa embonini ye-photovoltaic afaka izitsha ze-quartz ze-ceramic ze-solar silicon ingots, kanye nezikebhe ze-quartz, amashubhu esithando se-quartz kanye nama-bracket esikebhe asetshenziswa ekusakazweni nasekufakweni kwenqubo yokukhiqiza i-photovoltaic, kanye nenqubo ye-PECVD. Phakathi kwazo, izitsha ze-quartz zihlukaniswe ngezitsha ze-quartz eziyisikwele zokukhulisa i-polycrystalline silicon kanye nezitsha ze-quartz eziyindilinga zokukhulisa i-monocrystalline silicon. Ziyizinto ezisetshenziswayo ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezitsha ze-silicon futhi ziyizinto ze-quartz ezinesidingo esikhulu embonini ye-photovoltaic. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo eziyinhloko ze-quartz crucible yisihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu.
Isihlabathi sepuleti
Itshe le-quartz linezimpawu zokumelana nokuguguleka, ukumelana nokuklwebheka, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokuqina. Liqinile futhi lisetshenziswa kabanzi. Liwumkhiqizo obalulekile emlandweni wokuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokwakha zokwenziwa. Liye laba yintandokazi entsha kancane kancane emakethe yokuhlobisa ikhaya futhi lithandwa ngabathengi. Ngokuvamile, isihlabathi se-quartz esingu-95% ~ 99% noma i-quartz powder ihlanganiswa futhi iqiniswe yi-resin, i-pigment nezinye izithako, ngakho-ke ikhwalithi yesihlabathi se-quartz noma i-quartz powder inquma ukusebenza kwepuleti letshe le-quartz lokwenziwa ngezinga elithile.
Impuphu yesihlabathi se-quartz esetshenziswa embonini yamapuleti e-quartz ngokuvamile itholakala ku-quartz vein kanye ne-quartzite ore esezingeni eliphezulu ngokuchoboza, ukuhlunga, ukuhlukaniswa kwamagnetic kanye nezinye izinqubo. Ikhwalithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa ithinta ngqo ikhwalithi ye-quartz. Ngokuvamile, i-quartz esetshenziselwa i-quartz stone slab ihlukaniswe ibe yimpuphu yesihlabathi se-quartz esihle (i-mesh engu-5-100, esetshenziswa njenge-aggregate, i-aggregate ivame ukudinga okuqukethwe kwe-silicon okungu-≥ 98%) kanye nesihlabathi se-quartz esiqinile (i-mesh engu-320-2500, esetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa nokuqinisa). Kunezidingo ezithile zobulukhuni, umbala, ukungcola, umswakama, ubumhlophe, njll.
Isihlabathi se-Foundry
Ngenxa yokuthi i-quartz inokumelana nomlilo okuphezulu kanye nobunzima, futhi ukusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe kungahlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene eziyisisekelo zokukhiqizwa kokubumba, ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ekubumbeni isihlabathi sobumba sendabuko, kodwa futhi nasezinqubweni zokubumba ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokwenza ingqikithi njengesihlabathi se-resin kanye nesihlabathi esimboziwe, ngakho-ke isihlabathi se-quartz sisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni ukubumba.
Isihlabathi esihlanjwe ngamanzi: Yisihlabathi esingavuthiwe sokuphonswa ngemva kokuba isihlabathi se-silica semvelo sigeziwe futhi silinganiswe.
Isihlabathi sokuhlanza: uhlobo lwesihlabathi esingavuthiwe sokuphonswa. Isihlabathi se-silica semvelo sihlanziwe, sagezwa, sahlungwa futhi somiswa, kanti okuqukethwe udaka kungaphansi kuka-0.5%.
Isihlabathi esomile: isihlabathi esomile esinokuqukethwe kwamanzi okuphansi kanye nokungcola okuncane kukhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ahlanzekile njengomthombo wamanzi, ngemva kokuhlanzwa kathathu kanye nokuhlanzwa kasithupha, bese komiswa ku-300 ℃ - 450 ℃. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza isihlabathi esimbozwe ngekhwalithi ephezulu, kanye namakhemikhali, ukumbozwa, ukugaya, izinto zikagesi kanye neminye imboni.
Isihlabathi esimboziwe: ungqimba lwefilimu ye-resin lumbozwe nge-phenolic resin ebusweni besihlabathi sokuhlikihla.
Isihlabathi se-silica esisetshenziselwa ukubumba singama-97.5%~99.6% (ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kuka-0.5%), i-Fe2O3<1%. Isihlabathi sibushelelezi futhi sihlanzekile, sinokuqukethwe kwe-silt<0.2~0.3%, i-angular coefficient<1.35~1.47, kanye nokuqukethwe kwamanzi<6%.
Isihlabathi se-quartz ngezinye izinjongo
Insimu ye-ceramic: isihlabathi se-quartz i-SiO2 esisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwezinto zobumba singaphezu kuka-90%, i-Fe2O3 ∈ 0.06~0.02%, futhi ukumelana nomlilo kufinyelela ku-1750 ℃. Ububanzi bosayizi wezinhlayiya buyi-1~0.005mm.
Izinto ezivuselelayo: I-SiO2 ≥ 97.5%, i-Al2O3 ∈ 0.7~0.3%, i-Fe2O3 ∈ 0.4~0.1%, i-H2O ≤ 0.5%, ubuningi be-1.9~2.1g/m3, ubuningi be-liner 1.75~1.8g/m3, usayizi wezinhlayiya 5.1~0.021mm.
Insimu ye-Metallurgical:
① Isihlabathi esinolaka: isihlabathi sinobungqingili obuhle, asinamaphethelo namakhona, usayizi wezinhlayiya ungu-0.8 ~ 1.5mm, i-SiO2 ＞ 98%, i-Al2O3 ＜ 0.72%, i-Fe2O3 ＜ 0.18%.
② Ukuqhumisa isihlabathi: imboni yamakhemikhali ivame ukusebenzisa ukuqhumisa isihlabathi ukususa ukugqwala. I-SiO2 ＞ 99.6%, i-Al2O3 ＜ 0.18%, i-Fe2O3 ＜ 0.02%, usayizi wezinhlayiya 50~70 mesh, ukuma kwezinhlayiya eziyindilinga, ubulukhuni be-Mohs 7.
Insimu ebhula: Izidingo zekhwalithi yesihlabathi se-quartz esisetshenziswa njenge-abrasive yi-SiO2 ＞ 98%, i-Al2O3 ＜ 0.94%, i-Fe2O3 ＜ 0.24%, i-CaO ＜ 0.26%, kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiya ongu-0.5 ~ 0.8mm.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-04-2023