Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990s, amazwe angaphandle aqale ukufunda ubuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile bokuhlomula futhi enze ukuphumelela kwethiyori, okufana ne-GunsonSortex yase-UK kanye ne-Outo-kumpu e-Finland. kanye ne-RTZOreSorters, njll., athuthukise futhi akhiqiza izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi zokuhlunga izithombe zikagesi ezimbonini, izihlungi zemisebe, njll., futhi asetshenziswe ngempumelelo emkhakheni wokuhlunga wezinsimbi ezingenayo ayoni nezinsimbi eziyigugu, kodwa ngenxa yenani eliphezulu, ukunemba okuphansi kokuhlunga, Amandla okucubungula mancane, futhi anqunyelwe ekunyusweni nasekusetshenzisweni.
Uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe angaphandle, ucwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe oluhlobene ezweni lami luqale sekudlule isikhathi, futhi umkhakha wocwaningo umncane kakhulu. Cishe ngo-2000, eminye imishini yokuhlela yavela futhi emakethe yasekhaya, ikakhulukazi ukuhlunga imibala, ukuhlelwa kwe-infrared, ukuhlunga ngogesi, njll. ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukuhlunga okusanhlamvu, ukudla, itiye, imithi, izinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali, iphepha, ingilazi, Ukuhlunga udoti nezinye izimboni, kodwa izinsimbi eziyigugu nezingavamile njengegolide, umhlaba ongavamile, ithusi, i-tungsten, amalahle, insimbi enozibuthe ebuthakathaka, njll. ayikwazi ukukhethwa kusengaphambili kahle futhi ilahlwe kusenesikhathi,ikakhulukazi ezintweni zokujikijela umsila ezihlakaniphile ezomile ezikhethiwe zisangenalutho.
Njengamanje, izimayini ezifuywayo azinawo amathuluzi akhethekile asebenzayo wokulahlwa ngaphambili kwezinsimbi ezinozibuthe eziphikisayo, insimbi engeyona insimbi, njll., incike kakhulu endleleni yokuqala yokuhlunga okwenziwa ngesandla kanye nendlela yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe, futhi usayizi wezinhlayiyana zokuhlunga ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-20 no-150 mm. Amandla aphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphezulu. Kumaminerali anomehluko omncane ekubukekeni kombala, ukucwebezela, ukuma, kanye nokuminyana kwe-ore ne-waste rock, ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga kuphansi, iphutha likhulu, futhi amanye awakwazi ukuhlukaniswa. Kumagnetite, indlela yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe ingasetshenziswa ukuphonsa imisila, kodwa kuma-ores anezakhiwo ezinozibuthe ezibuthakathaka, insimbi engeyona insimbi, njll., iphutha lokuhlukanisa likhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa kuphansi, futhi kukhona ukuchithwa okukhulu kwezinsiza. .
Umshini wokuhlunga izinzwa ezihlakaniphile ulungele ukuguqulwa kwe-ore ngezinga eliphezulu lokuhlanjululwa kwe-ore eluhlaza kanye nomphumela omuhle wokuhlukanisa phakathi kwetshe elizungezile nensimbi ewusizo ngemva kokuchotshozwa.
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Ukwehlisa izinga lokunqanyulwa kwezimayini kulingana nokwandisa izinqolobane zezimboni zensimbi;
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Yehlisa izindleko zokugaya nokuhlomula okulandelayo;
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Umthamo wokucubungula wesistimu ungathuthukiswa ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi imishini yokugaya yasekuqaleni ihlala ingashintshiwe;
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Ukwenza ngcono ibanga elikhethiwe kunomthelela ekusimamiseni nasekuthuthukiseni izinga lokugxilisa ingqondo nokunciphisa izindleko zokuncibilikisa;
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Nciphisa isitokwe sezinsalela ezisanhlamvu, wehlise izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nokunakekela amachibi ama-tailings, futhi uthuthukise isici sokuphepha endaweni yokugcina amanzi.
Thatha izimayini zegolide njengesibonelo: njengamanje, izinsiza zegolide ezifakazelwe zezwe lami zingamathani ayi-15,000-20,000, zikleliswe endaweni yesikhombisa emhlabeni, ngokukhishwa kwegolide okungaphezu kwamathani angama-360 ngonyaka, izindawo zokugcina igolide ezibalelwa ku-60%, kanye nesilinganiso. Idiphozithi ye-ore engaba ngu-5%. Cishe i-g/t, imithombo ye-rock gold ore ingaba amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu. Ibe umkhiqizi omkhulu wegolide emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokuhlomula kwegolide ezweni lami isasebenzisa inqubo yendabuko ye-flotation-concentrate cyanidation. Azikho izindlela ezisebenzayo zokujikijela imisila ngaphambi kokuyichoboza nokugaya. Umsebenzi wokuchoboza, ukugaya kanye nokuntanta mkhulu, futhi izindleko zokuhlomula zihlala ziphezulu. Izinga lokulahlekelwa kwezimayini lingaphezu kuka-5%, izinga lokutholwa kokuhlomula kanye nokuncibilikisa licishe libe ngama-90%, izindleko zokuhlomula ziphezulu, izinga lokutholwa kwezinsiza liphansi, nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kubi.
Ngemuva kokulahla kusengaphambili ngokuhlunga izinzwa ezihlakaniphile, idwala elikhethiwe lemfucuza lingabalelwa ku-50-80% we-ore eluhlaza ekhethiwe, licebise ibanga elikhethiwe legolide izikhathi ezi-3-5, futhi linciphise inani labasebenzi embonini yokugqoka ngo-15. -20% , 25-30% ukwanda edwaleni imfucuza elahliwe kanye 10-15% ekukhiqizeni metal.
Izindleko zokuchoboza nokugaya zingasindiswa ngaphezu kuka-50%, umthamo wokuhamba kwamakhemikhali olandelayo ungancishiswa ngaphezu kuka-50%, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, inani lokuphinda lisetshenziswe kwe-waste lithuthukisiwe, umonakalo wemvelo uyancipha. , futhi inzuzo yezomnotho iba ngcono kakhulu.
Uhlu lwezinhlayiyana zosayizi wenzwa ekhaliphile zingafinyelela cishe ku-1mm kuya ku-300mm, futhi inzwa ingakwazi ukukhomba izingcezu ze-ore ezingafika ku-40,000 ngomzuzwana. Kuthatha kuphela ama-ms ambalwa ocezu ngalunye lwe-ore kusukela ekutholweni kwenzwa eyamukelayo kuya emyalelweni wokuhlunga otholwe i-actuator. Kuthatha ama-ms ambalwa kuphela ukuze imojuli yomjovo iqedele ukwenza okukodwa. Umthamo omkhulu wokucubungula womshini owodwa ungafinyelela ku-400 t/h, futhi amandla okucubungula emishini eyodwa angafinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezi-3 ngonyaka, okulingana nesilinganiso semayini ephakathi nendawo enkulu.
Imishini yokuhlunga inzwa ehlakaniphile ingashintsha kalula isofthiwe futhi isethwe kusengaphambili imibundu yokuhlunga ku-inthanethi, futhi iphendule ekuguquguqukeni kwekhwalithi nenani lensimbi eluhlaza ngesikhathi, engeke izuzwe ngezinto zokuhlela zendabuko.Inqobo nje uma insimbi eluhlaza ifinyelela izinga elithile lokuhlukana esigabeni sokuchotshozwa, ngisho noma kuyizinga lokuhlukanisa kuphela idwala elizungezile noma i-ganggue, noma ukugxila kokugcina kukhiqizwa ngokuqondile, kusetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi insimbi yensimbi ehlukahlukene (okungewona uzibuthe noma okubuthakathaka kazibuthe yensimbi, ithusi, umthofu, Ukukhethwa kwangaphambili nokulahlwa kwemfucuza kwe-zinc, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, tin, umhlaba ongavamile, igolide, njll.), amaminerali amalahle nangewona awensimbi njenge-talc, i-fluorite, i-calcium carbonate, i-dolomite, i-calcite, i-apatite, njll. inani lokugxilwa kwe-coarse elingena enqubweni elandelayo liyancipha kakhulu, futhi ibanga liyathuthukiswa, elinganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokugaya nokuhlomula okulandelayo.I-Intelligent sensor beneficiation ayifani nokuhlelwa kwezandla okungokwesiko, ukuhlukaniswa kazibuthe, nokuhlukaniswa kukagesi ngezithombe ngokuya ngokuhlonza. ukunemba, isivinini sokuphendula, ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga, namandla okucubungula. Ukuhlunga izinzwa ezihlakaniphile kuwukubonakaliswa okuphelele kobuchwepheshe besimanje bezinzwa kanye nobuchwepheshe bedijithali, futhi sekuphenduke inkomba eyinhloko yokuthuthukiswa kokukhetha ngaphambili kwezimbiwa.
Imithombo yamaminerali yaseShayina ikakhulukazi ama-ores angenalutho, futhi umthamo wokugcina mkhulu. Ukulahla kanjani imfucuza kusenesikhathi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokugaya nokuhlomula okulandelayo, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokuhlomula, kanye nokusabela ngenkuthalo ezidingweni ezijwayelekile zezwe “zokwakha izimayini ezihlakaniphile nezimayini eziluhlaza”, ingabe Sekuphenduke inkambiso engenakugwenywa ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezimayini yezwe lami. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokuhlunga ehlakaniphile efanele izimbiwa zasekhaya sekuseduze, futhi ithemba lemakethe lizoba banzi kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-25-2022