Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990s, amazwe angaphandle aqale ukufunda ubuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile bokuhlomula futhi enze ukuphumelela kwethiyori, okufana ne-GunsonSortex yase-UK kanye ne-Outo-kumpu e-Finland.kanye ne-RTZOreSorters, njll., athuthukise futhi akhiqiza izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi zezihlungi ze-photoelectric zezimboni, izihlungi ze-radioactive, njll., futhi asetshenziswe ngempumelelo emkhakheni wokuhlunga wezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi nezinsimbi eziyigugu, kodwa ngenxa yentengo ephezulu, ukunemba okuphansi kokuhlunga, Amandla okucubungula mancane, futhi anqunyelwe ekunyusweni nasekusetshenzisweni.
Uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe angaphandle, ucwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe oluhlobene ezweni lami lwaqala sekudlule isikhathi, futhi umkhakha wocwaningo umncane kakhulu. Cishe ngo-2000, eminye imishini yokuhlunga yavela emakethe yasekhaya, ikakhulukazi ukuhlelwa kwemibala, ukuhlelwa kwe-infrared, ukuhlunga ngogesi, njll., ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukuhlunga okusanhlamvu, ukudla, itiye, imithi, izinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali, iphepha, ingilazi, Ukuhlunga imfucuza nezinye izimboni, kodwa izinsimbi eziyigugu nezingavamile njengegolide, umhlaba ongavamile, ithusi, i-tungsten, amalahle, insimbi enozibuthe ebuthakathaka, njll. ayikwazi ukukhethwa kusengaphambili kahle futhi ilahlwe kusenesikhathi,ikakhulukazi ezintweni zokujikijela umsila ezihlakaniphile ezomile ezikhethiwe zisangenalutho.
Njengamanje, izimayini ezifuywayo azinawo amathuluzi akhethekile asebenzayo wokulahla ngaphambili ama-refractory ore kazibuthe abuthaka, ama-non-ayoni ensimbi, njll., ikakhulukazi athembele endleleni yokuqala yokuhlunga ngesandla kanye nendlela yokuhlukanisa uzibuthe, futhi usayizi wezinhlayiyana zokuhlunga ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-20 no-150 mm.Amandla aphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphezulu.Kumaminerali anomehluko omncane ekubukekeni kombala, ukucwebezela, ukuma, nokuminyana kwe-ore ne-waste rock, ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga kuphansi, iphutha likhulu, futhi amanye awakwazi ukuhlukaniswa.Kumagnetite, indlela yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe ingasetshenziswa ukuphonsa imisila, kodwa kuma-ores anezakhiwo ezinozibuthe ezibuthakathaka, izinsimbi zensimbi ezingenayo insimbi, njll., iphutha lokuhlukanisa likhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa kuphansi, futhi kukhona ukuchithwa okukhulu kwezinsiza. .
Umshini wokuhlunga izinzwa ezihlakaniphile ulungele ukuguqulwa kwe-ore ngezinga eliphezulu lokuhlanjululwa kwe-ore eluhlaza kanye nomphumela omuhle wokuhlukanisa phakathi kwetshe elizungezile nensimbi ewusizo ngemva kokuchotshozwa.
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Ukwehlisa izinga lokunqanyulwa kwezimayini kulingana nokwandisa izinqolobane zezimboni zensimbi;
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Yehlisa izindleko zokugaya nokuhlomula okulandelayo;
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Umthamo wokucubungula wesistimu ungathuthukiswa ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi imishini yokugaya yasekuqaleni ihlala ingashintshiwe;
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Ukwenza ngcono ibanga elikhethiwe kunomthelela ekusimamiseni nasekuthuthukiseni izinga lokugxilisa ingqondo nokunciphisa izindleko zokuncibilikisa;
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Nciphisa isitokwe sezinsalela ezisanhlamvu, wehlise izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nokunakekela amachibi ama-tailing, futhi uthuthukise isici sokuphepha endaweni yokugcina amanzi.
Thatha izimayini zegolide njengesibonelo: njengamanje, izinsiza zegolide ezifakazelwe zezwe lami zingamathani ayi-15,000-20,000, zikleliswe endaweni yesikhombisa emhlabeni, ngokukhishwa kwegolide okungaphezu kwamathani angama-360 ngonyaka, izindawo zokugcina igolide ezibalelwa ku-60%, kanye nesilinganiso. idiphozithi ye-ore engaba ngu-5%.Cishe i-g/t, imithombo ye-rock gold ore ingaba amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu.Ibe umkhiqizi omkhulu wegolide emhlabeni.Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lokuhlomula kwegolide ezweni lami lusasebenzisa inqubo yendabuko ye-flotation-concentrate cyanidation.Azikho izindlela ezisebenzayo zokujikijela imisila ngaphambi kokuyichoboza nokugaya.Umsebenzi wokuchoboza, ukugaya kanye nokuntanta mkhulu, futhi izindleko zokuhlomula zihlala ziphezulu.Izinga lokulahlekelwa kwezimayini lingaphezu kwama-5%, izinga lokutholwa kokuhlomula kanye nokuncibilikisa licishe libe ngama-90%, izindleko zokuhlomula ziphezulu, izinga lokutholwa kwezinsiza liphansi, nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kubi.
Ngemuva kokulahla kusengaphambili ngokuhlunga izinzwa ezihlakaniphile, idwala elikhethiwe lemfucuza lingabalelwa ku-50-80% we-ore eluhlaza ekhethiwe, licebise ibanga elikhethiwe legolide izikhathi ezi-3-5, futhi linciphise inani labasebenzi embonini yokugqoka ngo-15. -20% , 25-30% ukwanda edwaleni imfucuza elahliwe kanye 10-15% ekukhiqizeni metal.
Izindleko zokuchotshozwa nokugaya zingasindiswa ngaphezu kuka-50%, umthamo wokuhamba kwamakhemikhali olandelayo ungancishiswa ngaphezu kuka-50%, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, inani lokuphinda lisetshenziswe kwe-waste lithuthukisiwe, umonakalo wemvelo uyancipha. , futhi inzuzo yezomnotho iba ngcono kakhulu.
Uhlu lwezinhlayiyana zosayizi wenzwa ehlakaniphile zingafinyelela cishe ku-1mm kuya ku-300mm, futhi inzwa ingakwazi ukukhomba izingcezu ze-ore ezingafika ku-40,000 ngomzuzwana.Kuthatha kuphela ama-ms ambalwa ocezu ngalunye lwe-ore kusukela ekutholweni kwenzwa eyamukelayo ukuya emyalelweni wokuhlunga otholwe i-actuator.Kuthatha ama-ms ambalwa kuphela ukuze imojuli yomjovo iqedele ukwenza okukodwa.Umthamo omkhulu wokucubungula womshini owodwa ungafinyelela ku-400 t / h, futhi amandla okucubungula emishini eyodwa angafinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-3 ngonyaka, okulingana nesilinganiso semayini ephakathi nendawo enkulu.
Imishini yokuhlunga inzwa ehlakaniphile ingashintsha kalula isofthiwe futhi isethwe kusengaphambili imingcele yokuhlela ku-inthanethi, futhi iphendule ekuguquguqukeni kwekhwalithi nenani lensimbi eluhlaza ngesikhathi, engeke izuzwe ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo zokuhlunga.Inqobo nje uma insimbi eluhlaza ifinyelela izinga elithile lokuhlukana esigabeni sokuchotshozwa, ngisho noma kuyizinga lokuhlukanisa kuphela idwala elizungezile noma i-ganggue, noma ukugxila kokugcina kukhiqizwa ngokuqondile, kusetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi insimbi yensimbi ehlukahlukene (okungewona uzibuthe noma okubuthakathaka okuqinile kazibuthe, ithusi, ukuhola, Ukukhethwa kwangaphambili nokulahlwa kukadoti kwe-zinc, i-nickel, i-tungsten, i-molybdenum, ithini, umhlaba ongavamile, igolide, njll.), amaminerali amalahle kanye ne-non-metallic njenge-talc, i-fluorite, i-calcium carbonate, i-dolomite, i-calcite, i-apatite, njll. inani lokugxilwa kwe-coarse elingena enqubweni elandelayo liyancipha kakhulu, futhi ibanga liyathuthukiswa, okunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokugaya nokuhlomula okulandelayo.I-Intelligent sensor beneficiation ayifani nesikoukuhlunga okwenziwa ngesandla, ukwahlukanisa kazibuthe, nokwehlukaniswa kukagesi ngezithombe ngokuya ngokunemba kokuhlonza, isivinini sokuphendula, ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga, namandla okucubungula.Ukuhlunga izinzwa ezihlakaniphile kuwukubonakaliswa okuphelele kobuchwepheshe besimanje bezinzwa nobuchwepheshe bedijithali, futhi sekuphenduke inkomba eyinhloko yokuthuthukiswa kokukhethwa kwangaphambili kwezimbiwa.
Imithombo yamaminerali yaseShayina ikakhulukazi ama-ores angenalutho, futhi umthamo wokugcina mkhulu.Ukulahla kanjani imfucuza kusenesikhathi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokugaya nokuhlomula okulandelayo, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokuhlomula, kanye nokusabela ngenkuthalo ezidingweni ezijwayelekile zezwe “zokwakha izimayini ezihlakaniphile nezimayini eziluhlaza”, ingabe Sekuphenduke inkambiso engenakugwenywa ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezimayini yezwe lami.Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokuhlunga ehlakaniphile efanele izimbiwa zasekhaya sekuseduze, futhi ithemba lemakethe lizoba banzi kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-25-2022